03127nas a2200301   4500008004100000022001400041245005800055210005700113260001300170300001300183490000700196520228600203653001402489653001202503653001902515653001702534653002102551100002102572700002002593700002602613700002602639700003402665700001802699700002402717700001802741700001902759856004702778       2013                        eng d  a0034-774400aRegional diversity of amphipoda in the Caribbean Sea.0 aRegional diversity of amphipoda in the Caribbean Sea  c2013 Dec  a1681-7200 v613 a<p>The order Amphipoda is one of the most diverse within Peracarids, and comprises 6950 described marine species. Amphipod research in the Caribbean Sea began in the late 1800s, but has increased significantly since 1980. In this study, we analized the amphipod biodiversity (Caprellidea, Gammaridea, Hyperiidea, and Ingolfiellidea) of the Caribbean Sea. For this, we compiled available data on species diversity of marine amphipods (data bases: WoRMS and OBIS and published species lists) into a comprehensive taxonomic list by country for the ecoregions of the Caribbean. Additionally, we analized the relative contribution of each country to regional diversity and the rate of discovery of new species. The Caribbean amphipod fauna is composed of 535 species within 236 genera and 73 families for the higher taxon. The Western Caribbean ecoregion holds the largest diversity (282 species), while the Eastern Caribbean recorded the lowest one (73). Mexico and Venezuela recorded the largest number of species with 266 and 206, respectively. Twelve countries had less than 50 species. The richest suborder is the Gammaridea with 381 species followed by the suborder Hyperiidea with 116. From the total of 535 amphipod species reported for the Caribbean region, 218 have the Caribbean as the holotype locality, and 132 are endemic (about 25% of the total). Areas of higher diversity seem to be concentrated along the Mexican Caribbean, Cuba and the Northern coast of South America (Venezuela-Colombia); however, such pattern is most likely reflecting local collection efforts and taxonomic expertise rather than actual distribution. Knowledge of amphipod species is mostly limited to shallow, near-shore waters, with little infonnation available on the deep sea fauna. Regional research priorities for this group should be focused on completing shallow water coastal inventories of species in Central America and the Greater and Lesser Antilles. In addition, sampling the deep sea ecosystems should follow along with other particular habitats such as anchialine cave systems. It is also neccessary to increase ecological research efforts, mainly in some speciose suborders, including the Caprellidea and Hyperiidea, known to exhibit high diversity in other tropical localities.</p>10aAmphipoda10aAnimals10aAtlantic Ocean10aBiodiversity10aCaribbean Region1 aMartín, Alberto1 aDíaz, Yusbelly1 aMiloslavich, Patricia1 aEscobar-Briones, Elva1 aGuerra-García, José, Manuel1 aOrtiz, Manuel1 aValencia, Bellineth1 aGiraldo, Alan1 aKlein, Eduardo  uhttps://seamphipods.myspecies.info/node/1703249nas a2200313   4500008004100000022001400041245005300055210005200108260000900160300001100169490000600180520245900186653001202645653002202657653001702679653001002696653001902706653003802725653001602763653001402779653002002793653001402813653001302827653001102840653001002851653001302861100001402874856004702888       2013                        eng d  a1932-620300aStatus of marine biodiversity of the China seas.0 aStatus of marine biodiversity of the China seas  c2013  ae507190 v83 a<p>China's seas cover nearly 5 million square kilometers extending from the tropical to the temperate climate zones and bordering on 32,000 km of coastline, including islands. Comprehensive systematic study of the marine biodiversity within this region began in the early 1950s with the establishment of the Qingdao Marine Biological Laboratory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Since that time scientists have carried out intensive multidisciplinary research on marine life in the China seas and have recorded 22,629 species belonging to 46 phyla. The marine flora and fauna of the China seas are characterized by high biodiversity, including tropical and subtropical elements of the Indo-West Pacific warm-water fauna in the South and East China seas, and temperate elements of North Pacific temperate fauna mainly in the Yellow Sea. The southern South China Sea fauna is characterized by typical tropical elements paralleled with the Philippine-New Guinea-Indonesia Coral triangle typical tropical faunal center. This paper summarizes advances in studies of marine biodiversity in China's seas and discusses current research mainly on characteristics and changes in marine biodiversity, including the monitoring, assessment, and conservation of endangered species and particularly the strengthening of effective management. Studies of (1) a tidal flat in a semi-enclosed embayment, (2) the impact of global climate change on a cold-water ecosystem, (3) coral reefs of Hainan Island and Xisha-Nansha atolls, (4) mangrove forests of the South China Sea, (5) a threatened seagrass field, and (6) an example of stock enhancement practices of the Chinese shrimp fishery are briefly introduced. Besides the overexploitation of living resources (more than 12.4 million tons yielded in 2007), the major threat to the biodiversity of the China seas is environmental deterioration (pollution, coastal construction), particularly in the brackish waters of estuarine environments, which are characterized by high productivity and represent spawning and nursery areas for several economically important species. In the long term, climate change is also a major threat. Finally, challenges in marine biodiversity studies are briefly discussed along with suggestions to strengthen the field. Since 2004, China has participated in the Census of Marine Life, through which advances in the study of zooplankton and zoobenthos biodiversity were finally summarized.</p>10aAnimals10aAquatic Organisms10aBiodiversity10aChina10aClimate Change10aConservation of Natural Resources10aCoral Reefs10aEcosystem10aOceans and Seas10aPenaeidae10aPlankton10aPlants10aTrees10aWetlands1 aLiu, J, Y  uhttps://seamphipods.myspecies.info/node/16